Ka dib ku dhawaad laba sano oo gorgortan ah, baarlamaanka Yurub ayaa si rasmi ah u ansixiyay habka sharciyeynta kaarboonka ee EU-da (CBAM) kadib codeynta.Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in canshuurtii ugu horreysay ee la soo dejiyo kaarboon ay ku dhowdahay in la hirgeliyo, biilka CBAM wuxuu dhaqan geli doonaa 2026.
Shiinaha ayaa wajihi doona wareeg cusub oo ilaalin ganacsi ah
Iyada oo ay saameyn ku yeelatay xiisadda dhaqaale ee adduunka, wareeg cusub oo ilaalinta ganacsiga ayaa soo ifbaxay, Shiinaha oo ah dalka ugu badan ee wax dhoofiya, ayaa si weyn u saameysay.
Haddii wadamada Yurub iyo Ameerika ay amaahdaan arrimaha cimilada iyo deegaanka oo ay soo rogaan "tarifyada kaarboonka", Shiinaha wuxuu wajihi doonaa wareeg cusub oo ilaalin ganacsi.Sababtoo ah la'aanta halbeeg midaysan ee qiiqa kaarboonka caalamiga ah, marka wadamada sida Yurub iyo Ameerika ay soo rogaan "tarifyada kaarboonka" oo ay hirgeliyaan heerarka kaarboon ee danahooda gaarka ah, waddamo kale ayaa sidoo kale ku soo rogi kara "tarif kaarboon" si waafaqsan jaangooyooyinkooda. taasoo si lama filaan ah u dhalin doonta dagaal ganacsi.
Wax soo saarka tamarta sare ee Shiinaha ee dhoofinta ayaa noqon doona mawduuca "tarifyada kaarboonka"
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, wadamada soo jeedinaya in lagu soo rogo "taariifyada kaarboonka" waxay u badan yihiin wadamada horumaray sida Yurub iyo Ameerika, iyo wax-soo-saarka Shiinaha ee Yurub iyo Ameerika maaha mid aad u badan oo kaliya, laakiin sidoo kale waxay ku urursan yihiin alaabooyinka tamarta sare leh.
Sannadkii 2008, wax-soo-saarka Shiinuhu u dhoofiyo Maraykanka iyo Midowga Yurub waxay u badnaayeen alaabta makaanikada iyo korontada, alaabta guriga, alaabta carruurtu ku ciyaarto, dunta, iyo alaabta ceyriinka ah, iyadoo wadarta guud ee dhoofinta ay ahayd $225.45 bilyan iyo $243.1 bilyan, siday u kala horreeyaan, waxay u dhigantaa 66.8% iyo 67.3% Wadarta guud ee Shiinaha u dhoofiyo Maraykanka iyo Midowga Yurub.
Badeecadahan dhoofinta ah ayaa u badan tamar aad u cunaysa, kaarboonka ku jira, iyo alaabooyinka qiimahoodu hooseeyo, kuwaas oo si fudud loogu soo rogi karo "tarifyada kaarboonka".Sida laga soo xigtay warbixin cilmi baaris ah oo ka soo baxday Bangiga Adduunka, haddii "tarifka kaarboonka" si buuxda loo hirgeliyo, wax soo saarka Shiinaha ayaa laga yaabaa inuu wajaho celceliska tarifka 26% ee suuqyada caalamiga ah, taasoo horseedaysa kharashka kor u kaca ee shirkadaha dhoofinta ku jihaysan iyo suurtogalnimada 21% hoos u dhac. mugga dhoofinta.
Miyay tacriifada kaarboonku saamayn ku leeyihiin warshadaha dunta?
Tariifyada kaarboonku waxay daboolayaan soo dejinta birta, aluminium, sibidhka, bacriminta, korontada, iyo hydrogen, saamaynta ay ku leeyihiin warshadaha kala duwanna lama soo koobi karo.Warshadaha dharka si toos ah uma saameeyaan qiimaha kaarboonka.
Markaa tacriifadaha kaarboonku ma sii kordhin doonaan dunta mustaqbalka?
Tani waa in laga eego dhinaca siyaasadda ee tacriifadaha kaarboonka.Sababta loo hirgeliyay tacriifadaha kaarboonka ee Midowga Yurub waa in laga hortago "kaarboonka sii daaya" - iyadoo la tixraacayo shirkadaha EU-da ee u wareejinaya wax soo saarka waddamada leh tallaabooyin yaraynta qiiqa dabacsan (sida raritaan warshadeed) si looga fogaado kharashka sare ee qiiqa kaarboon gudaha Midowga Yurub.Markaa mabda 'ahaan, tacriifooyinka kaarboonku waxay diiradda saaraan oo keliya warshadaha khatarta ah "ka-baxa kaarboonka", kuwaas oo ah kuwa "tamar xoog leh iyo ganacsi soo shaac baxday (EITE)".
Marka laga hadlayo warshadaha khatarta ugu jira "kaarboon-ka-baxa", Komishanka Yurub wuxuu leeyahay liis rasmi ah oo ay ku jiraan 63 waxqabadyo dhaqaale ama badeecado, oo ay ku jiraan walxaha soo socda ee la xidhiidha dunta: "Diyaarinta iyo miiqinta fiilooyinka dunta", "Waxsoosaarka aan- maro tolsan iyo alaabtooda, marka laga reebo dharka", "Soosaarista fiilooyinka dad-sameeyaha ah", iyo "dhamaystirka dharka dharka".
Guud ahaan, marka la barbar dhigo warshadaha sida birta, sibidhka, ceramics, iyo sifaynta saliidda, duntu ma aha warshad sare oo qiiqa.Xataa haddii baaxadda tariifyada kaarboonku ay sii balaadhiso mustaqbalka, waxay saamaynaysaa oo keliya fiilooyinka iyo dunta, waxaanay aad ugu dhowdahay in laga hooseeyo warshadaha sida sifaynta saliidda, dhoobada, iyo samaynta waraaqaha.
Ugu yaraan dhowrka sano ee ugu horreeya ka hor hirgelinta canshuuraha kaarboonka, warshadaha dharka si toos ah uma saameyn doonto.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, tani macnaheedu maaha in dhoofinta duntu aysan la kulmi doonin caqabadaha cagaaran ee Midowga Yurub.Tallaabooyinka kala duwan ee ay sameynayaan Midowga Yurub ee hoos imaanaya qaab dhismeedka siyaasadda "Qorshaha Dhaqaale ee Wareega ah", gaar ahaan "Xeeladda Dharka Joogta ah iyo Wareegtada", waa in ay fiiro gaar ah siiyaan warshadaha dharka.Waxay tilmaamaysaa in mustaqbalka, dharka soo galaya suuqa EU ay tahay inay ka gudbaan "xadka cagaaran".
Waqtiga boostada: Meey-16-2023